How To Grow Ginger In Water

How To Grow Ginger In Water

Ginger      

Botanical Name : Zingiber officinale

Family  : Zingiberaceae 

                                                                                               

                                                                

Ginger is cultivated in tropical and subtropical climates all over the world, with India being the world's largest producer of ginger. Other major countries producing ginger include Nigeria, China, Nepal and Indonesia, which together provide a significant portion of the global supply.

                                                                        

Major Ginger Producing Countries

India - India is the leading ginger producer, providing a significant percentage of the world's total ginger production.

Nigeria - It is the second largest ginger producer.

China - China is the third largest ginger producer.

Other countries with substantial ginger production include Nepal, Indonesia, Thailand and Cameroon.

Ginger occupies a prominent place among the spice crops grown in India. Since ancient times, it is used as a spice in the manufacture of vegetables, salads, chutneys, pickles and various types of food items and in the manufacture of various types of medicines. It is dried and dried to make dry ginger. Nowadays, ginger cultivation is expanding at a rapid pace, because ginger cultivation has been found to be more profitable than other crops.

Raw ginger and dried ginger from India are exported to Arab, USA, Canada, UK, Moscow and other countries every year. About 15 percent of the total produce is exported from India earning valuable currency.

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Latest Global Ginger Production Statistics -

The latest global ginger production statistics indicate an increase from 4.8 million metric tons in 2022 to 4.9 million metric tons in 2023, with India, Nigeria and China leading as the top producers. India holds the largest share in the world market in ginger production, followed by Nigeria and China.

Key statistics and leading countries of ginger production -

2023 - World ginger production reached 4.9 million tons.

2022 - Global production was 4.8 million metric tons.

Top Producers - India, Nigeria and China consistently rank among the top producers, with India holding the largest share in the global market.

Leading ginger producing countries by share (2023) -

India - 45% of total production.

Nigeria - Second largest producer.

China - A major secondary producer.

Historical trends -

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Ginger production has seen a significant increase at the global level, increasing by 183% from 1.718 million tonnes in 2010 to 4.874 million tonnes in 2022.

India has shown a steady increase in its production share over the last few decades.

Origin and Distribution - Ginger is believed to have originated in South-East Asia. A large part of its production comes from Kerala. Apart from Kerala, it is grown in Mizoram and Garo hill areas of Assam, Barua Sagar (near Jhansi) of Uttar Pradesh, Kumaon and Garhwal hills of Uttarakhand, Terai and Bhavar and Chakrata, Dehradun areas, Tamil Nadu, some parts of Andhra Pradesh. About half of the world's ginger is produced in India.

Nutritive Value - The nutritional value of ginger is shown in the table below:

                                           (Nutrition Value of Fennel per 100 gm)

Protein                   : 2.3 g Fat                          : 0.9 g Fiber                      : 2.4 g Carbohydrates     : 12.3 g Thiamine              : 0.06 mg Riboflavin             : 0.6 mg Nicotinic acid       : 0.6 mg Vitamin C             : 6.0 mg Vitamin A             : 6.7 IU

 

    How To Regrow Ginger In Water

Growing Ginger in Water -

To grow ginger in water, first we select a healthy organic ginger rhizome from the vegetable store in the market, which has visible buds. Soak the healthy organic ginger rhizomes in water for at least 24 hours. After this, place the ginger in a shallow pot with a little water. The nodes or "eyes" of the ginger should be near the surface of the water to promote root and stem growth. Keep changing the water every 1-2 days to keep it oxygenated and prevent rotting. Once healthy roots and shoots start appearing, you can plant them in a pot with well-draining, nutrient-rich soil.

1. Selecting Ginger -

Choose a strong, thick, organic ginger rhizome from the grocery store, preferably one that feels heavy for its size and has visible "eyes" or buds.

Soak ginger in water for at least 24 hours to help remove any sprout inhibitors.

2. Growing Ginger Roots in Water -

Take a shallow pot and place the ginger rhizome in it. Submerge the ginger only partially, making sure the nodes are near or in the water to allow for root growth.

Change the water every 1-2 days to keep it oxygenated and prevent the rhizome from rotting. Place the pot where nothing will harm it and out of direct sunlight.

3. Transplanting Sprouted Ginger into Soil -

When the ginger has healthy white roots and green shoots, it is ready for permanent planting. Prepare a pot with good drainage and fill it with organic potting mix or a mixture of coconut fibre and compost. Bury the ginger about 1 inch deep with the roots facing down and the stem facing up and irrigate

Varieties

Ginger varieties are divided on the basis of growth of vegetative parts, colour and shape of the knot and proper fibres in it. Generally, only local varieties of ginger are grown which not only give less yield but also the quality of ginger is of low grade. Now its improved varieties are available. Maran, Nadia, Vajpayee, Wayanad, Barua Sagar, Cochin, Vardhaman, China, Rio-de-Janeiro, Thing Puri, Calicut, Nasara, Patnam, Cochin are the main varieties which are grown in different areas of the country. Out of these, the highest yield is obtained from Rio-Janeiro variety, but dry ginger is obtained in less quantity from it. Cochin and Calicut varieties have been found to be best for dry ginger.

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Various varieties of ginger which are grown in different states

 

State	Varieties
Andhra Pradesh	Medak Tooni
Arunachal Pradesh	Shillong
Bihar	Desi and Dora Bhaiya
Gujarat	Local Varieties
Haryana Punjab	Local Varieties
Himachal Pradesh	Himachal No. 1, SG 666, SG 645 and Narang
Jammu Kashmir	Himachal No. 1
Karnataka	Wayanad, Mana Thodi Carakal, Narasapatam, Thai Guptam
Kerala	Wayanad, Maran, Nadia Riddi O.D. Janeiro Jamaic
Madhya Pradesh	Tikamgarh, Chhindwara, Vastar Local, Varieties
Maharashtra	Local Varieties
Manipur	Shine Type, Shingtam
Meghalaya	Nadia, Maran,  Rio Degeneration
Nagaland	Rio Degeneration
Orissa	Nayanad, Kuduli Laksi Puri, Turia Junagadh, Rekia, Suruchi
Sikkim	Nadia, Rio Degeneration
Tamil Nadu	Nadia, Rio Degeneration , Maran
Tripura	Himachal No. 1
Uttar Pradesh	Local varieties
West Bengal	Gurbathan, Sakkuk-e Tukhk Sadan, Malli, Maran, Tura, Bombay local

    How Long Does It Take For Ginger To Grow

Latest varieties

Suprabha - This variety has more germination. Its rhizomes are long, with oval ends, shiny brown in colour, which contain 4.4% fibre, 1.9% oil and 8.91% oleoresin. This variety is best for mountainous regions.

Suruchi - This is a high yielding variety. Its rhizomes are greenish yellow in colour, which contain 3.8% fibre, 2% oil and 10.0% oleoresin. It is less prone to diseases.

Surbhi - This variety has been developed through mutation. This is a high yielding variety. Its rhizomes contain 4% fibre and 2.1% oil. Rhizomes are formed in large numbers, whose peel is of dark shiny colour.

Accession - 35

Kol-35- It gives 22.4 tonnes of yield per hectare. 

Coal - 117 - It gives 23.2 tons of yield per hectare

Climate - Ginger is a plant of hot climate, but in Himachal Pradesh it can be successfully cultivated at places up to 1500 meters above sea level. The best places for ginger are those where there is a moist environment, there is 50-60 cm annual rainfall during the growth period of the crop, water does not stagnate in the soil and there is light shade. The land of old mango orchards can be used for ginger cultivation.

Soil and Its Preparation - Ginger can be cultivated in different types of soils, but loamy or sandy loamy soil with proper drainage is the best for its cultivation. However, it can also be grown in sandy, clay loam, red loam and laterite loamy soils.

In April-May, ploughing should be done with a soil turning plough and after that 4-5 ploughings should be done with a local plough and the soil should be made soft and levelled by levelling it.

To protect against nematodes, Thimet-10G (10-15 kg per hectare) medicine must be mixed in the soil before sowing.

   How Long Does It Take To Grow Ginger

Time of Sowing - Ginger is sown in May-June according to the weather of the particular area. Where irrigation facility is available, it should be sown from April to mid-May. But where rain-fed crop is to be grown, sowing should be done right after the first rain. The time of sowing has a direct impact on the yield.

Seed Rate - About 20-25 quintals of seed rhizomes are required for one hectare. Disease-free seed rhizomes are required for sowing, which are divided into pieces of 4-5 cm. The weight of each piece should be 25-30 grams and it must have two eyes.

Method of Sowing - Before sowing the seed tubers should be dipped in a mixed solution of 0.25% Dithane M-45 and Bavistin (0.1%) for one hour. Then they should be dried in the shade for one or two days. Later they are buried in the soil at a depth of 4 cm. The distance between the rows is kept 25-30 cm and the distance between the plants is kept 15-20 cm. The seed tubers should be well covered with soil.

Immediately after sowing, they should be well covered with straw, leaves and cow dung manure. By doing this, moisture remains inside the soil and germination is not adversely affected due to strong sunlight.

    How To Grow Ginger Step By Step 

Manure and Fertilizers – Soil testing is essential to find out how much manure and fertilizer is required for ginger crop. If soil testing is not possible, then in that case, use the following quantity of manure and fertilizers per hectare-

Farm Yard Manure or Compost m\Manure - 20-25 tons

Nitrogen -75 kg

Phosphorus - 50 kg

Potash - 50 kg

To protect the ginger crop from rotting, 2 tons of neem cake should be added at the rate of per hectare at the time of land preparation.

Farm Yard Manure or Compost should be spread evenly in the field before land preparation and ploughing should be done with a soil turning plough. Half the quantity of phosphorus, potash and nitrogen should be applied at the time of planting the seed rhizomes in the field and the remaining half of the nitrogen should be spread in the field 50-60 days after sowing and soil should be covered.

Irrigation - In ginger crop, the soil should remain moist. The first irrigation is done a few days after sowing and irrigations are done at an interval of 15 days until the rains start. Irrigation should be done every week in summer.

Weeding and Weeding -  Weeding should be done as per need to keep the ginger field free from weeds and to keep the soil friable. Weeding 2-3 times during the ginger crop period is sufficient. After every weeding, soil must be added.

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Mulching -  By applying mulch of leaves, germination is good and weeds also grow less. Maximum yield is obtained by applying mulch three times. 5000 kg of green leaf mulch is applied immediately after sowing, same amount of mulch is applied after 30 days and 60 days. When the plants grow 20-25 cm high, soil is placed on them.

Harvesting - The crop can be dug out after about 7-8 months of sowing. But for dry ginger, the crop is dug out only when it is fully ripe. The crop takes 7-8 months to ripen depending on the season and variety. When the leaves of the plants start drying, the rhizomes are dug out with a spade, hoe or hoe.

Yield - 100-150 quintals of rhizomes are obtained per hectare. After drying, 20-30 quintals of dry ginger are obtained from this.

Storage - Before storage, the crop should be treated with a medicine called Quinalphos (0.025%) for 1/2 hour and then dried and then kept in the storage house.

 How To Grow Ginger In Water

Disease Control

The following diseases affect the ginger crop, the prevention measures of which are mentioned below-

Soft Rot or Rhizome Rot - This disease is mainly caused by a fungus called "Pythium aphanidermatum". Due to the outbreak of this disease, the lower leaves turn yellow. Later the whole plant turns yellow and withers. The part near the ground becomes watery and soft. On pulling the plant, it breaks easily from the place attached to the rhizome. Later the whole rhizome rots, which is called 'rhizome rot'. Spores of this disease remain present in the soil and the rhizomes used as seeds also carry the spores with them. Therefore, both have to be treated for effective protection from the disease.

Prevention- 1. Give 0.6% solution of chestnut compound in the soil at the rate of half a liter per plant.

2. Before sowing the seed rhizomes in soluble ceresan at 0.25% concentration, treat them with 50.6% solution at the rate of half a liter per plant for 30 minutes or with 0.3% vitigram for one hour.

Leaf Spots - This disease is caused by a fungus called "Phyllosticta zingiberi". Oval or irregular shaped spots appear on the leaves which later merge together. It has an adverse effect on the growth of the plants. The yield of rhizomes is also less.

Prevention -

1. Use Bordeaux mixture (5: 5: 50).

2. Spraying 0.3% solution of any copper-containing chemical prevents this disease.