How do You Propagate Bougainvillea
The ornamental climbing plant 'Bougainvillea' has a special contribution in enhancing the beauty of various parts of the garden. It is a plant of the Nyctaginaceae family. Its place of origin is the tropical and subtropical regions of South America. It can be used both as a shrub and a climber. During the flowering period, they greatly enhance the beauty of the garden. They can often be climbed on specially made structures at the main entrance of the garden. In some gardens, creepers of climbing plants are also made. The purposes of growing Bougainvillea are different, which are mentioned below.
varieties
(A) Climbing plants of restricted growth like Bougainvillea grown along walls of buildings -
1. Varieties suitable for south facing walls e.g. Bougainvillea species.
2. The variety which is useful for cool semi-shady places; like 'Bougainvillea Laterita'
(B) Bougainvillea to be climbed on pavilions and other small structures
1. A variety grown in warm places towards the south; e.g. Bougainvillea splendens
2. Plants that are suitable for cool semi-shady places are Bougainvillea variety; e.g. Bougainvillea laterita.
How to Propagate a Bougainvillea
Climate
Tropical and sub-tropical climate is suitable for successful production of Bougainvillea. It requires open sunlight.
Soil
Bougainvillea grows well in normal garden soils. The soil must have good water retention capacity. For this, it should be friable and have good drainage system. Loamy/sandy loam soil is found to be best for its successful production.
Propagation:
Bougainvillea is propagated by the following methods-
2. By grafting - This method is used in small quantities for the propagation of Bougainvillea. The grafting is done in the months of February to April.
3. By grafting - It is difficult to grow the variety named 'Mary Palmer' through cuttings. Therefore, plants can be prepared by budding. For root stock, the variety named "Dr. R.R. Pal" should be used. The best time for grafting is from February to April.
4. By seeds - This method is not used at commercial level. This method is used only for developing new varieties. Seeds are sown in June-July.
Planting time
Usually, Bougainvillea is planted at a distance of 1.5-2.5 meters, whereas for hedges, it is planted closer. The pits should be 90 cm in diameter and 75 cm deep.
Before filling the soil in the pits, 2-3 baskets of Farm Yard manure should be mixed in the soil of each pit.
How to Propagate Bougainvillea
Pruning
As soon as the plant finishes flowering in June, it should be pruned. By doing this, very good flowers are obtained in the next season. Plants grown in tubes or pots require more pruning than those grown in beds because they have to be shaped and growth has to be stopped. After pruning, 2-3 baskets of cow dung manure should be added.
Manure and Fertilizer
There is no specific method of giving manure and fertilizer to Bougainvillea plants in the garden, nor is any specific quantity recommended. If the soil is deficient in organic elements, then 5 kg of well-rotted cow dung manure can be given per plant. Fertilizers can also be given as per need. A 15 cm thick layer should be spread on the pits or drains where the plants are to be planted, then it should be mixed well with the soil. For good growth, nitrogenous fertilizers (50-150 grams per plant once a year) should also be given to the plants through top dressing.
Irrigation
Irrigation work starts with planting of saplings. Immediately after planting, irrigation is done thoroughly. Thereafter, irrigation is done in a controlled manner at fixed intervals. When nitrogen-containing fertilizers are applied, irrigation should be done immediately after that.
How to Propagate Bougainvillea Plant
Weeding
Due to frequent irrigation, weeds also grow in large numbers around the plants, which should be removed from time to time. Weeding at intervals makes the soil friable and it absorbs more water.
Plant Protection Measures
To maintain the attractiveness and beauty of Bougainvillea plants in the garden, it is very important to keep them free from pests and diseases. 1 Pests and diseased branches spoil the beauty not only of these plants but also of the garden or building where they are planted. If diseases and pests are identified at an early stage, suitable chemicals should be sprayed to control them. If the branches are badly damaged, they should be cut off completely. If the entire plant is attacked, it is better to replace them with new plants.
Pests
Generally termites, thrips, red spider etc. are the pests that attack. To prevent termites, it is useful to keep the soil moist and to spray 1% phenyl solution from time to time. Red spider attacks in dry weather. To prevent them, it is found useful to keep the soil moist continuously. To prevent thrips, Rogor should also be sprayed.
How to Propagate Bugambilia
Diseases
It is also affected by a disease called powdery mildew which is more prevalent in cloudy and moist weather. To prevent this, spraying of Bordeaux mixture (5:5:50) in spring is useful.
Varieties
1. Bougainvillea glabra
2. Bougainvillea peruviana
3. Bougainvillea spectabilis
4. Bougainvillea buttiana
In the above species, there is variation in growth pattern, leaf size, colour of bracts and flowering pattern. Bracts are white, magenta, pink, orange, yellow, light and dark mauve and red in colour. In the centre of these bracts are small, tubular and star-shaped flowers. Names of some major varieties are given below -
1. Snow Queen (white )
2. Begum Sikander (Deep Magenta )
3. Shubhra (white)
4. Killic Compbel (Megenta purple )
5. Sanderiana (Deep mauve)
6. Trinidad (Pale mauve )
7. Splenders (Deep mauve )
8. Mary Palmer (Bicobured deep rose
& white flowers on the same plant )
9. Mrs. H. C. Buck (Deep rose)
10. Louis Wathen (Orange)
11. Mrs. Butt (Deep Crimson )
12. Enid Lan Caster (Orange)
13. Lady Mary Baring (Turmeric
Yellow)
14. Summer Time ( Bright red )
15. Sonnet (Light rosy purple )
16. Spring Festivel (Medium magenta
purple )
17. Dr. R. R. Pal (Brick red )
18. Sensation ( Deep Magenta )
19. Blondie (Orange Turning Pink )
20. Green smith (Red Changing to
rose )
21. Partha (Two-coloured bracts -
orange pinky purple)
22. Tomato (Terra cotta)
23. Maharsa (Double red )
Early
Flowering Varieties
1. Tomato
2. Mrs. H. C. Buck
3. Mary Palmer
4. Sonnet
5. Rao
6. Shubhra
7. Sanderiana
8. Mahara
How do You Propagate Bougainvillea
Variegated varieties
1. Thimma
2. Archana
3. Marietta
4. Lovis Wathen
Multi-bracted
Varieties
1. Rosevilles Delight
2 . Mahara
3. Los Banos Beauty
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